De l’ὑπόκρισις au أخذ بالوجوه. L’interprétation de l’action oratoire par Averroès dans le Commentaire moyen à la Rhétorique d’Aristote, 2015
By: Frédérique Woerther
Title De l’ὑπόκρισις au أخذ بالوجوه. L’interprétation de l’action oratoire par Averroès dans le Commentaire moyen à la Rhétorique d’Aristote
Transcription De l’hypokrisis au akhdh bi-l-wujûd. L’interprétation de l’action oratoire par Averroès dans le commentaire moyen à la Rhétorique d’Aristote
Type Article
Language French
Date 2015
Journal Studia Graeco-Arabica
Volume 5
Pages 59-76
Categories Aristotle, Rhetoric, Commentary
Author(s) Frédérique Woerther
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The notion of ὑπόκρισις (hypokrisis) was employed for the first time with the meaning of “rhetorical delivery” in Aristotle’s Rhetoric, where it is the target of a short and highly critical analysis. A practice borrowed directly from the theatre, and apparently resistant to any form of technicisation that might give it a legitimate place alongside the other means of rhetorical persuasion, ὑπόκρισις (hypokrisis) was nevertheless extremely effective–as Aristotle acknowledged with undisguised irritation. In the face of Aristotle’s ambivalence, and torn between a purist and idealist conception of rhetoric on the one hand, and the contemporary reality of speech, which required him to recognise a practice of which he could not approve, on the other, what was Averroes’ attitude in his Middle Commentary on the Rhetoric? Dependent on the Arabic version of the Rhetoric where the term ὑπόκρισις (hypokrisis) was – with one exception – translated by the expression أخذ بالوجوه (aḫḏ bi-l-wuǧūh) – “the taking of faces” –, has Averroes followed Aristotle in his hesitations and reticences? Or has he instead chosen to legitimise the use of hypokrisis in rhetorical technique? The analysis of the Rushdian interpretation of the ‘taking of faces’ will allow a better understanding of Averroes’ exegetical method, and grasp of what it meant, to him, to be faithful to the First Master.

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Aristotle’s Rhetoric and Political Thought in the Christian Orient and in al-Fârâbî, Avicenna and Averroes, 2011
By: John W. Watt
Title Aristotle’s Rhetoric and Political Thought in the Christian Orient and in al-Fârâbî, Avicenna and Averroes
Type Book Section
Language English
Date 2011
Published in Well Begun is Only Half Done: Tracing Aristotle’s Political Ideas in Medieval Arabic, Syriac, Byzantine, and Jewish Sources
Pages 17–47
Categories Rhetoric, Politics, al-Fārābī, Avicenna, Aristotle
Author(s) John W. Watt
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
see also the Chapter under the same title in John W. Watt "The Aristotelian Tradition in Syriac".

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Les citations du Commentaire moyen à la Rhétorique d’Aristote par Averroès dans la traduction arabo-latine de la Rhétorique d’Aristote par Hermann l’Allemand, 2011
By: Frédérique Woerther
Title Les citations du Commentaire moyen à la Rhétorique d’Aristote par Averroès dans la traduction arabo-latine de la Rhétorique d’Aristote par Hermann l’Allemand
Type Article
Language French
Date 2011
Journal Mélanges de l'Université Saint-Joseph
Volume 63
Pages 323–360
Categories Rhetoric, Tradition and Reception
Author(s) Frédérique Woerther
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
Ce travail propose une édition des quatorze passages qu’Hermann l’Allemand a tirés du Commentaire moyen à la Rhétorique d’Aristote (= CmRhét) par Averroès, pour les insérer dans sa traduction arabo-latine de la Rhétorique d’Aristote. Cette édition prend en compte les trois manuscrits existants pour ces extraits : P (Parisinus Latinus 16673, saec. xiii), T (Toletanus, Biblioteca Capituli, 47.17, saec. xiii) et F (Laurentianus, Plut. 90. Sup. 64, saec. xv). Comme le CmRhét d’Averroès a par ailleurs été conservé dans sa version arabe, on a présenté en annexe un lexique latin-arabe des principaux termes employés dans ces passages. L’examen de ces extraits permet une meilleure compréhension des méthodes de traduction d’Hermann l’Allemand, tant au niveau lexical qu’au niveau syntaxique ; l’intérêt de ce travail réside également dans le fait qu’il pourrait permettre de reconstituer par rétroversion la copie arabe du CmRhét à partir de laquelle Hermann a réalisé sa traduction, et d’affiner peut-être ainsi l’édition arabe actuelle du Commentaire d’Averroès.

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الفقه والفلسفة في الخطاب الرشدي [نص مطبوع]‬, 2010
By: Ibrāhīm Būršāšin, Saïd Bensaïd Alaoui
Title الفقه والفلسفة في الخطاب الرشدي [نص مطبوع]‬
Transcription Al-fiqh wa al-falsafah fi al-khiṭāb al-rushdy [baṣṣ maṭbūʻ]
Type Monograph
Language Arabic
Date 2010
Publication Place Beirut
Publisher dār al-madār al-islamiyy
Categories Law, Rhetoric
Author(s) Ibrāhīm Būršāšin , Saïd Bensaïd Alaoui
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Commentary on Aristotle's Rhetoric, 2008
By: Averroes,
Title Commentary on Aristotle's Rhetoric
Type Book Section
Language English
Date 2008
Published in Takhyīl. The Imaginary in Classical Arabic Poetics
Pages 294–366
Categories Rhetoric
Author(s) Averroes ,
Publisher(s)
Translator(s) Geert Jan van Gelder Marlé Hammond

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The Islamization of Rhetoric: Ibn Rushd and the Reintroduction of Aristotle into Medieval Europe, 2008
By: Shane Borrowman
Title The Islamization of Rhetoric: Ibn Rushd and the Reintroduction of Aristotle into Medieval Europe
Type Article
Language English
Date 2008
Journal Rhetoric Reviewv
Volume 27
Issue 4 (October-December 2008)
Pages 341-360
Categories Aristotle, Rhetoric, Tradition and Reception
Author(s) Shane Borrowman
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The development of the rhetorical tradition in the West owes a largely unacknowledged debt to Islamic scholars. Between 711 and 1492 CE, Muslim-controlled Spain became a significant site of scholarly inquiry into the European Classical heritage—often involving the efforts of Christian, Jewish, and Muslim thinkers. One of the luminaries of this scholarly tradition is Ibn Rushd (known more generally by his Latinized name, Averroes), known to Medieval thinkers as “The Commentator” for his vast, multifaceted corpus of work on Aristotle, The Master of Those Who Know.

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La Critique radicale du témoignage, de la loi positive et du consensus par Averroès, 2007
By: Maroun Aouad
Title La Critique radicale du témoignage, de la loi positive et du consensus par Averroès
Type Book Section
Language French
Date 2007
Published in Averroes et les Averroïsmes juif et latin. Actes du Colloque International. Paris, 16–18 juin 2005
Pages 161–181
Categories Rhetoric
Author(s) Maroun Aouad
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Aristotle and Averroes: The Influences of Aristotle's Arabic Commentator upon Western European and Arabic Rhetoric, 2007
By: Carol Lea Clark
Title Aristotle and Averroes: The Influences of Aristotle's Arabic Commentator upon Western European and Arabic Rhetoric
Type Article
Language English
Date 2007
Journal Review of Communication
Volume 7
Issue 4
Pages 369-387
Categories Commentary, Aristotle, Influence, Rhetoric
Author(s) Carol Lea Clark
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
During the 9th through 12th centuries, Aristotle's works, including the Rhetoric, were translated and studied in Arabic centers of learning, following the Prophet Mohammad's injunction to “seek knowledge even unto China.” Averroes (Ibn Rushd, d. 1198), the most prominent of the scholars who wrote commentaries on Aristotle's works, advocated that pagan Greek philosophical logic and rhetoric complimented, rather than contradicted, Islamic teaching. However, Averroes's strictly rationalist views and appreciation for pagan Greek philosophy clashed with an intensification of Islamic orthodoxy toward the end of the 12th century, and the commentator's reputation declined or disappearerd in Islamic centers of learning. Many of Averroes's works, though, were translated into Latin, Hebrew, and other languages, and his texts were studied along with Aristotle's in medieval Europe. This essay attempts to sbhow that, in a minor way, Averroes's heritage as an Aristotelian commentator continues to be studied and, thus, to influence rhetoric in both Western and Arabic countries. It also demonstrates, however, that these desultory efforts do not take advantage of the potential for insightful scholarship on this subject. In the long history of the dominant intellectual tradition of the Muslim world, Averroes offered for a brief few years the revolutionary perspective that logic, and consequently, rhetoric was independent of ideology or religion. The ramifications of that perspective have yet to be fully explored.

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La valeur épistémologique du témoignage selon Averroès, 2005
By: Maroun Aouad
Title La valeur épistémologique du témoignage selon Averroès
Type Book Section
Language French
Date 2005
Published in Averroès et l'averroïsme (XIIe-XVe siècle). Un itinéraire historique du Haut Atlas à Paris et à Padue. Actes du colloque international organisé à Lyon, les 4 et 5 octobre 1999 dans le cadre du "Temps du Maroc"
Pages 131–144
Categories Rhetoric
Author(s) Maroun Aouad
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Averroes' mittlerer Kommentar (talḥīṣ) zur Rhetorik des Aristoteles. Die hebräische Übersetzung, 2005
By: Ahmed Chahlane
Title Averroes' mittlerer Kommentar (talḥīṣ) zur Rhetorik des Aristoteles. Die hebräische Übersetzung
Type Book Section
Language German
Date 2005
Published in The Trias of Maimonides. Jewish, Arabic and Ancient Culture of Knowledge
Pages ?-?
Categories Rhetoric
Author(s) Ahmed Chahlane
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Commentary on Aristotle's Rhetoric, 2008
By: Averroes,
Title Commentary on Aristotle's Rhetoric
Type Book Section
Language English
Date 2008
Published in Takhyīl. The Imaginary in Classical Arabic Poetics
Pages 294–366
Categories Rhetoric
Author(s) Averroes ,
Publisher(s)
Translator(s) Geert Jan van Gelder Marlé Hammond

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Commenting on Aristotle’s Rhetoric from Antiquity to the Present / Commenter la Rhétorique d’Aristote, de l’Antiquité à la période contemporaine, 2018
By: Frédérique Woerther (Ed.)
Title Commenting on Aristotle’s Rhetoric from Antiquity to the Present / Commenter la Rhétorique d’Aristote, de l’Antiquité à la période contemporaine
Type Edited Book
Language undefined
Date 2018
Publication Place Leiden, Boston
Publisher Brill
Series International Studies in the History of Rhetoric
Volume 11
Categories Aristotle, Commentary, Modern Readings, Tradition and Reception, Rhetoric
Author(s) Frédérique Woerther
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The present volume brings together thirteen articles as so many chapters of a book, devoted to the history, methods, and practices of the commentaries that have been written on Aristotle’s Rhetoric. Examining both the linguistic and factual background, these contributions attempt to insert each of the commentaries into its particular historical, political, social, philosophical, and pedagogical context. The historical periods and geographical areas that arise – from Greco-Roman antiquity to Heidegger’s philosophy, from the Syriac and Arabic traditions to the Western world – make it possible, in sum, not only to indicate how the Rhetoric has been read and interpreted, but also to offer general perspectives on the practice of explicating ancient texts.

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De l’ὑπόκρισις au أخذ بالوجوه. L’interprétation de l’action oratoire par Averroès dans le Commentaire moyen à la Rhétorique d’Aristote, 2015
By: Frédérique Woerther
Title De l’ὑπόκρισις au أخذ بالوجوه. L’interprétation de l’action oratoire par Averroès dans le Commentaire moyen à la Rhétorique d’Aristote
Transcription De l’hypokrisis au akhdh bi-l-wujûd. L’interprétation de l’action oratoire par Averroès dans le commentaire moyen à la Rhétorique d’Aristote
Type Article
Language French
Date 2015
Journal Studia Graeco-Arabica
Volume 5
Pages 59-76
Categories Aristotle, Rhetoric, Commentary
Author(s) Frédérique Woerther
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
The notion of ὑπόκρισις (hypokrisis) was employed for the first time with the meaning of “rhetorical delivery” in Aristotle’s Rhetoric, where it is the target of a short and highly critical analysis. A practice borrowed directly from the theatre, and apparently resistant to any form of technicisation that might give it a legitimate place alongside the other means of rhetorical persuasion, ὑπόκρισις (hypokrisis) was nevertheless extremely effective–as Aristotle acknowledged with undisguised irritation. In the face of Aristotle’s ambivalence, and torn between a purist and idealist conception of rhetoric on the one hand, and the contemporary reality of speech, which required him to recognise a practice of which he could not approve, on the other, what was Averroes’ attitude in his Middle Commentary on the Rhetoric? Dependent on the Arabic version of the Rhetoric where the term ὑπόκρισις (hypokrisis) was – with one exception – translated by the expression أخذ بالوجوه (aḫḏ bi-l-wuǧūh) – “the taking of faces” –, has Averroes followed Aristotle in his hesitations and reticences? Or has he instead chosen to legitimise the use of hypokrisis in rhetorical technique? The analysis of the Rushdian interpretation of the ‘taking of faces’ will allow a better understanding of Averroes’ exegetical method, and grasp of what it meant, to him, to be faithful to the First Master.

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Dialectique et rhétorique entre Aristote et Ibn Rushd, 2001
By: Ali Chennoufi
Title Dialectique et rhétorique entre Aristote et Ibn Rushd
Type Book Section
Language French
Date 2001
Published in Actualité d'Averroès. Colloque du huitième centenaire. Carthage, 16–21 février 1998
Pages 28–32
Categories Rhetoric
Author(s) Ali Chennoufi
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Ibn Rushd and Natural Law: Mediating Human and Divine Law, 2017
By: Karen Taliaferro
Title Ibn Rushd and Natural Law: Mediating Human and Divine Law
Type Article
Language English
Date 2017
Journal Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies
Volume 28
Issue 1
Pages 1–27
Categories Law, Relation between Philosophy and Theology, Theology, Rhetoric
Author(s) Karen Taliaferro
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
This article traces a Muslim tradition of natural law in the thought of Ibn Rushd. I argue that this notion of natural law enriches the concept of law and can mediate conflicts of human law and divine law in Islam. I discuss the ontology, then epistemology, of Ibn Rushd’s natural law, then situate the resultant conception of law within Islamic legal and theological contexts.

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Ibn Rushd on Knowledge, Pleasures, and Analogy, 2021
By: Fouad Ben Ahmed
Title Ibn Rushd on Knowledge, Pleasures, and Analogy
Type Article
Language English
Date 2021
Journal Philosophy and Scienes in Muslim Contexts
Categories Logic, Psychology, Metaphysics, Poetics, Rhetoric
Author(s) Fouad Ben Ahmed
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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La Critique radicale du témoignage, de la loi positive et du consensus par Averroès, 2007
By: Maroun Aouad
Title La Critique radicale du témoignage, de la loi positive et du consensus par Averroès
Type Book Section
Language French
Date 2007
Published in Averroes et les Averroïsmes juif et latin. Actes du Colloque International. Paris, 16–18 juin 2005
Pages 161–181
Categories Rhetoric
Author(s) Maroun Aouad
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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La valeur épistémologique du témoignage selon Averroès, 2005
By: Maroun Aouad
Title La valeur épistémologique du témoignage selon Averroès
Type Book Section
Language French
Date 2005
Published in Averroès et l'averroïsme (XIIe-XVe siècle). Un itinéraire historique du Haut Atlas à Paris et à Padue. Actes du colloque international organisé à Lyon, les 4 et 5 octobre 1999 dans le cadre du "Temps du Maroc"
Pages 131–144
Categories Rhetoric
Author(s) Maroun Aouad
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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Les citations du Commentaire moyen à la Rhétorique d’Aristote par Averroès dans la traduction arabo-latine de la Rhétorique d’Aristote par Hermann l’Allemand, 2011
By: Frédérique Woerther
Title Les citations du Commentaire moyen à la Rhétorique d’Aristote par Averroès dans la traduction arabo-latine de la Rhétorique d’Aristote par Hermann l’Allemand
Type Article
Language French
Date 2011
Journal Mélanges de l'Université Saint-Joseph
Volume 63
Pages 323–360
Categories Rhetoric, Tradition and Reception
Author(s) Frédérique Woerther
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)
Ce travail propose une édition des quatorze passages qu’Hermann l’Allemand a tirés du Commentaire moyen à la Rhétorique d’Aristote (= CmRhét) par Averroès, pour les insérer dans sa traduction arabo-latine de la Rhétorique d’Aristote. Cette édition prend en compte les trois manuscrits existants pour ces extraits : P (Parisinus Latinus 16673, saec. xiii), T (Toletanus, Biblioteca Capituli, 47.17, saec. xiii) et F (Laurentianus, Plut. 90. Sup. 64, saec. xv). Comme le CmRhét d’Averroès a par ailleurs été conservé dans sa version arabe, on a présenté en annexe un lexique latin-arabe des principaux termes employés dans ces passages. L’examen de ces extraits permet une meilleure compréhension des méthodes de traduction d’Hermann l’Allemand, tant au niveau lexical qu’au niveau syntaxique ; l’intérêt de ce travail réside également dans le fait qu’il pourrait permettre de reconstituer par rétroversion la copie arabe du CmRhét à partir de laquelle Hermann a réalisé sa traduction, et d’affiner peut-être ainsi l’édition arabe actuelle du Commentaire d’Averroès.

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Les tentatives d'Ibn Rushd d'arabiser les idées critiques et rhétoriques d'Aristote, 2001
By: Ahmad Darwich, Ahmad Darwich
Title Les tentatives d'Ibn Rushd d'arabiser les idées critiques et rhétoriques d'Aristote
Type Book Section
Language French
Date 2001
Published in Actualité d'Averroès. Colloque du huitième centenaire. Carthage, 16–21 février 1998
Pages 52–56
Categories Rhetoric
Author(s) Ahmad Darwich , Ahmad Darwich
Publisher(s)
Translator(s)

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